12 Realms Notes

Europe I. Small landmass II. Multi government III. Five Regions 1. Western Europe 2. the British Isles 3. Northern (nordic) Europe 4. Mediterranean Europe 5. Eastern Europe IV. Small, yet global power

Russia I. Geographically unique and distinctive II. Hugh boundaries and diplomatically unified III. Four regions 1. the Russian Core 2. the Eastern Frontier 3. Siberia 4. the Far East IV. Formerly a strong communist nation, separated in 1991

North America I. Countries within consist of America and Canada II. Nine Regions 1. North American Core 2. Maritime Northeast 3. French Canada 4. Continental Interior 5. South 6. Southwest 7. Western Frontier 8. Northern Frontier 9. Pacific Hinge

Middle America I. Greatest contrast between a core and a periphery II. Small-scale, fragmented realm III. Four regions 1. Mexico 2. Central America 3. Greater Antilles of the Caribbean 4. Lesser Antilles of the Caribbean

South America I. Realm in which the Iberian influence is very strong, while controlling the cultural geography II. Four Regions 1. Brazil the realms’ giant 2. the North composed of Caribbean facing states 3. the Andean East strong Amerindian influences 4. the Southern cone

North Africa/ Southwest Asia I. Large geographic area consisting of many names 1. Nawasia 2. Afrasia II. Seven Regions 1. Egypt and the Lower Nile 2. the Maghreb 3. African Transition Zone in North Africa 4. the Middle East 5. the Arabian Peninsula 6. the Empire States 7. Turkestan in Southwest Asia

Subsaharan Africa I. Located within the African Transition Zone and the endmost cape of South Africa II. Four regions 1. West Africa 2. East Africa 3. Equatorial Africa 4. Southern Africa

South Asia I. Very defined realm II. Diverse cultural geography III. Five regions 1. India at the center 2. Pakistan to the west 3. Bangladesh to the east 4. peninsular South includes the island of Sri Lanka

East Asia I. Wide region extending from the deserts of Central Asia to the tropical coasts of the South China Sea and from Japan to Xizang (Tibet) II. Diverse cultural geography III. Five regions 1. China Proper, including North Korea 2. Xizang (Tibet) in the southwest 3. desert Xinjiang in the west 4. Mongolia in the north 5. Jakota triangle Japan, South Korea, Tiawan

Southeast Asia I. Culturally diverse while influenced by India, China, Europe and the United States II. Many languages and religions with economies representing both core and periphery III. Consists of a peninsular mainland and an arc consisting of thousands of islands IV. Two regions 1. Mainland 2. Insular

Austral Realm I. Consists of Australia and New Zealand II. Dominated by western culture and heritage III. Four regions, defined by cultural geography as well as physical 1. A highly urbanized , two part core and a spread out desert interior in Australia 2. main islands in New Zealand

Pacific Realm I. Consist of the Pacific Ocean 1. larger then all landmasses combined 2. hundreds of thousands of islands in the ocean large and small II. Three regions 1. Melanesia 2. Micronesia 3. Polynesia

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